Astronomers think carbonaceous chondrites formed far away from the sun as the early solar system developed. Carbonaceous chondrites are much more rare than ordinary chondrites. The LL group has a low amount of iron and a low amount of metal in general. The L chondrite group has a low amount of iron. The H chondrite group has a high amount of iron. The groups indicate the meteorite’s quantity of iron. Ordinary chondrites can be classified into three main groups. Because they were formed at the same time as the solar system, chondrites are integral to the study of the solar system’s origin, age, and composition. Chondrites formed from the dust and small particles that came together to form asteroids in the early solar system, more than 4.5 billion years ago. They are named for the hardened droplets of lava, called chondrules, embedded in them. Ordinary chondrites are the most common type of stony meteorite, accounting for 86 percent of all meteorites that have fallen to Earth. Chondrites themselves are classified into two major groups: ordinary and carbonaceous. There are two major types of stony meteorites: chondrites and achondrites. They also contain some metal- nickel and iron. Stony MeteoritesStony meteorites are made up of minerals that contain silicates-material made of silicon and oxygen. Scientists have divided these meteorites into three main types: stony, iron, and stony-iron. Types of Meteorites More than 60,000 meteorites have been found on Earth. In 2014, Opportunity’s sister spacecraft, Curiosity, discovered a meteorite that was 2 meters (7 feet) wide, making it the largest yet discovered on Mars. In 2005, the first meteorite found on another planet was discovered by Opportunity, one of NASA’s Mars rover spacecraft.
These larger meteorites create deep, round impact craters that can be found all over our Moon, Mercury, and Mars.
Some planets and moons don't have enough atmosphere to break apart meteors, resulting in large meteorites. Meteorites crash through the atmospheres of all planets and moons in our solar system. Thermal ablation creates these different textures due to different chemicals present in the meteorite. Known as thermal ablation, this process can also give meteorites a roughened, smooth, or thumbprint surface. This exterior is formed as friction from the atmosphere melts the meteorite as it crashes toward Earth.
The Hoba meteorite is so big, and so heavy, it has never been moved from where it was found! Most meteorites look very much like rocks found on Earth, except meteorites usually have a dark, burned exterior. The Hoba meteorite weighs roughly 54,000 kilograms (119,000 pounds). The largest meteorite found on Earth is the Hoba meteorite discovered in Namibia in 1920. Some meteorites, however, are as large as boulders. Dust-sized particles called micrometeorites make up 99 percent of the approximately 50 tons of space debris that falls on the Earth’s surface every day. Meteoroids become meteors when they crash into Earth’s atmosphere and the gases surrounding them briefly light up as “shooting stars.” While most meteors burn up and disintegrate in the atmosphere, many of these space rocks reach Earth’s surface in the form of meteorites. Meteoroids are lumps of rock or metal that orbit the sun. Before they were meteors, they were meteoroids. Before they were meteorites, the rocks were meteors. Meteorites are the last stage in the existence of these type of space rocks. Meteorites are space rocks that fall to Earth’s surface.
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